2D Design is used in various fields, it has a high practical value and a range of possibilities, as it carries visual information, aesthetics, calculation, design and scientific sample, technical design, an advertising medium, at the same time it is a science and graphic and cinema art. It is complete work and a means of business movement – as an integral part of marketing and sales, because the success of sales, recognition, and attractiveness depends on the successful design of a product or packaging, including the quality of the film’s visual advertising campaign and presentation.
Stages of an architectural design project
The construction industry is one of the world’s largest industries and at the same time one of the most labor-intensive. Any, even a small construction object is created by a number of specialists from various fields: architects, designers, engineers, builders, contractors, subcontractors, etc.
During the work on the project, all these people are in “floating” dependence on each other. Traditional engineering documentation (drawings, estimates, etc.) here serves as an intermediary in the exchange of information between the participants of an architectural project.
In order that the project being developed fully meets not only all the requirements set by the customer, but also the rules of the State Standards, the design is carried out in several stages.
- Discussion of the vision of the projected building with the customer is the first stage of architectural design. During the conversation with the customer, the type and style of the erected structure, the functional and aesthetic features of the future construction are determined. Next, the place reserved for the construction is measured and proceeded to the preparation of project documentation.
- The second stage of 2D architectural design involves the development of an architectural concept, its coordination with the customer. After the necessary changes are made to the architectural concept, a contract is concluded with the customer for the creation of a draft design of a building object or a complex of structures. The preliminary design stage consists in the development of planning decisions of the construction object and their adjustment in accordance with the wishes of the customer. From the set of proposed layouts, sections, the customer chooses the most appropriate. In addition, at this stage, the project is linked to the existing landscape and existing buildings.
- The last stage of architectural design is the signing of an agreement for the release of working documentation. After that, the architects begin to create a working draft of the building. The finished working draft of the object is transferred to the customer or directly to the developer. The development of an architectural project is not an easy task, therefore it can only be entrusted to professionals.
2D Architectural Project design
Design of the project is one of the most important stages of the whole work. A design project is a full range of work aimed at the development of the exterior or interior design and object. Design of a project is being developed to create an object, its architectural and artistic appearance in accordance with its functional purpose.
The architectural project design includes a package of construction plans and schemes, style decision in 2D graphics:
- Measurements of all rooms
- Drawing up a dimension drawing
- Development of a plan for dismantling walls and partitions
- Development of a plan of the erected walls and partitions
- Development of a plan after redevelopment and explication of premises
- Development of a zoning plan for premises. The layout of furniture and equipment.
- Development of lighting plan
- Development of lighting fixture plan
- Development of a lighting layout plan for switches
- Development of outlet plan
- Development of ceiling plan
- Development of a floor plan with an indication of the type of coating
- Development of a layout plan for low-voltage systems (TV, home theater, telephone, Internet)
- Development of a plumbing layout plan
- Development of a plan with the placement of heating systems
- Development of floor plans
- Wall development with finish indication
- A full estimate of construction and finishing works with a list of construction materials
2D Exterior Design
Modern computer technologies allow to literally “draw” the design of the room to the smallest details. This saves the customer and the author from mistakes, or rather from misunderstanding, which often arises when discussing a project in words.
Architecture and designer are completely different types of art, but they also have a point of intersection. The picture plays an important role in the perception of various types of buildings. Architectural 2D design is a kind of a document between customer and designer. That’s why the designer must most accurately and truthfully convey the general shape of the building, as well as its details, the principle of the structure, the environment. The author of the picture turns into a “photo-architect”, building a new perception plan of the object, for this he needs to possess at least minimal knowledge of the architectural language. The practice of collaboration between a designer and an architect in the twentieth century set architectural 2D design to a new level. As a result, the authors found a common solution for how best to present the project.
The design of residential buildings has a number of features and depends largely on the type of the target building.
Design of country houses
Placement of country houses is carried out in areas located on the territory of gardening. The country house has a number of features, in particular, it is not designed for living all year round. Therefore, the design of a country house is much simpler: for the construction almost no approvals are required. However, the construction of a house in the summer house is subject to severe restrictions, the non-observance of which leads to serious consequences up to the alienation of property. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account the current requirements of the project legislation before the start of construction work.
Design of individual houses
The object of individual housing construction is considered a detached house, the number of floors in which is no more than three. Such a house is meant for one family. Objects in such houses include not only residential buildings, but also extensions, superstructures, penthouses, utility rooms and any other buildings located on the site. Similar projects are being implemented in territories that fall into the category of “land settlements”. residential homestead houses are included among the objects of individual housing construction.
Today, the majority of individual residential houses are being built according to standard designs, which are published in printed catalogs and online. The cost of developing an individual project is almost three times higher than the finalization of the finished one, so more than 90% of all individual residential houses are built according to standard designs, and only a small percentage of companies are developing individual projects of premium class residential buildings.
Design of townhouses
Townhouses are otherwise called low-rise residential buildings, which include multi-level apartments with isolated entrances. In such houses, there is no common entrance, and each apartment has its own entrance from the street, as well as a small front garden (approximately 1-2 acres) and a garage. Such buildings are popular in European countries. It is very profitable to buy a townhouse – such an apartment has twice the area than a standard one-bedroom apartment, and in addition, a small plot of land is attached.
Design of low-rise apartment buildings
Low-rise apartment buildings include buildings, the height of which is limited to four floors. Such houses are considered the most comfortable for living. They can be built according to any design scheme (there are brick, frame, prefabricated and monolithic houses). The possibility of building blocks consisting of low-rise apartment buildings depends on the master plan of the city and the height restrictions of the buildings.
Design of multi-storey apartment buildings
Multi-storey apartment buildings can have almost any number of floors, their height is limited exclusively by the general plan of the city or settlement. Like low-rise buildings, they can have a different design scheme (monolithic, team, frame, brick).
In the United States, metal structures are used for the construction of high-rise buildings, whereas in Russia, as in Asian countries, monolithic reinforced concrete is most often used. For the design and subsequent construction of multi-storey apartment buildings, it is necessary to observe a number of conditions that are mandatory for the construction of any capital object.
To obtain a construction permit, it is necessary to carry out a full development of all stages of the project, after which it is necessary to coordinate all project documentation in accordance with the current project legislation.
2D Interior Design
In addition to architectural design, our company offers the development of interior design project. We will develop the concept and design of the interior as a separate room and the building as a whole.
Our main directions in interior design are apartment design, cottage design, country house design; office design; store design; design of beauty salons, etc. All our services are assigned that both the designer and the customer clearly understand that they see the project in the same way and correctly so that there are no discrepancies in the midst of work on the interior or exterior, we recommend ordering a 2D architectural design.
Professional interior design with visualization is not only a harmonious solution with detailing your furnishings, but also the opportunity to see a generalized picture, as well as individual pictures with little things – from the hue and pattern of the wallpaper to the arrangement of lamps and the location of the strips on the bedding in the family boudoir.
In order to achieve maximum harmony, it is necessary to foresee all the nuances at the design stage and imagine what the interior will look like. Only then the most effective interior can be created that will delight and inspire you.
Creating an interior design is also a multi-step process that includes a lot of activities, creativity, and implementation of the designer’s plan. First, the specialist gets acquainted with the premises, discusses wishes and presentations with the customer, assesses the technical condition and features of communications equipment. Only then interior design begins to develop․
Presenting all the nuances to the customer is not as simple as it may seem, especially since the implementation of ideas directly is possible using different materials, shades, and solutions.
Types of 2D Plans
Drawings are a means of conveying the opinions and concepts of an architect or designer to reality. Building plans are a set of drawings that consists of a floor plan, a terrain plan, cuts, facades, electrical, plumbing, and landscape drawings to facilitate work on the site. Various types of drawings are issued by the architect for easy understanding and smooth operation of the construction process. Some types of drawings are discussed in detail below.
- Site/Zone plan
The situational plan is a comprehensive detailed drawing of a building or apartment, which is a holistic plan of the building. It shows the boundaries of the property and the means of access to the site, as well as nearby structures if they are related to the design. - Floor plan
It means the view from above of any building or object. The floor plan is the most fundamental architectural scheme, a top view showing the arrangement of spaces in the building in the same way as on the map, but showing the location at a certain level of the building. A floor plan view is defined as a vertical orthogonal projection of an object onto a horizontal plane passing through a building. It features walls, windows, doors and other nuances like stairs, fittings and even furniture too. - Cross-section
Geometrically, the cross-section is a horizontal orthogonal projection of a building onto a vertical plane passing through the building. A “cross-section” is a cross-section of a vertical line segment of any building that shows the dimensions, thickness of any component of the building. It also represents the height of the threshold, the height of the lintel, the height of the floor and other smallest details of the structure. - Landscape plan
The ideal house or building has a lush green garden next to it, which enhances the beauty or aesthetics of the exterior of the building. - Height Plan
A heights drawing is an orthogonal projection drawing that shows one side of the house. The purpose of the high-rise drawing is to show the finished appearance of this side of the house and to provide vertical height dimensions. Basically, it is divided into 2 types:
External Height
External height is an external representation of the building. It consists of details such as finish, floor height, and projections if any. External facades can be 2D or 3D drawings. 2D drawings tend to have measurements on them, showing where the connection is between external elements, such as doors and lights. 2D heights may also have designations for different types of bricks, stones, and paints, so you know exactly where each material should go.
Inner Height
Internal heights are very similar to external heights. Heights are quite useful in building a room like a kitchen or a bathroom that requires visualization built-in elements.